Channel quality indicator (CQI) reporting for ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC)

ABSTRACT

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment may determine a block error rate (BLER) target for communications associated with the user equipment; determine a resource allocation pattern for transmission of channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS) based at least in part on the BLER target; and monitor one or more resources, indicated by the resource allocation pattern, for the CSI-RS. Numerous other aspects are provided.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS UNDER 35 U.S.C. § 119

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.16/370,594, filed Mar. 29, 2019, entitled “CHANNEL QUALITY INDICATOR(CQI) REPORTING FOR ULTRA-RELIABLE LOW LATENCY COMMUNICATIONS (URLLC),”which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.62/651,622, filed on Apr. 2, 2018, entitled “TECHNIQUES AND APPARATUSESFOR CHANNEL QUALITY INDICATOR (CQI) REPORTING FOR ULTRA-RELIABLE LOWLATENCY COMMUNICATIONS (URLLC),” the contents of which are incorporatedherein by reference in their entireties.

FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE

Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wirelesscommunication, and more particularly to techniques and apparatuses forchannel quality indicator (CQI) reporting for ultra-reliable low latencycommunications (URLLC).

BACKGROUND

Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide varioustelecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging,and broadcasts. Typical wireless communication systems may employmultiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication withmultiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth,transmit power, and/or the like). Examples of such multiple-accesstechnologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, timedivision multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency-division multipleaccess (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency-division multiple access(OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency-division multiple access(SC-FDMA) systems, time division synchronous code division multipleaccess (TD-SCDMA) systems, and Long Term Evolution (LTE).LTE/LTE-Advanced is a set of enhancements to the Universal MobileTelecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard promulgated by theThird Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

A wireless communication network may include a number of base stations(BSs) that can support communication for a number of user equipment(UEs). A user equipment (UE) may communicate with a base station (BS)via the downlink and uplink. The downlink (or forward link) refers tothe communication link from the BS to the UE, and the uplink (or reverselink) refers to the communication link from the UE to the BS. As will bedescribed in more detail herein, a BS may be referred to as a Node B, agNB, an access point (AP), a radio head, a transmit receive point (TRP),a new radio (NR) BS, a 5G Node B, and/or the like.

The above multiple access technologies have been adopted in varioustelecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enablesdifferent user equipment to communicate on a municipal, national,regional, and even global level. New radio (NR), which may also bereferred to as 5G, is a set of enhancements to the LTE mobile standardpromulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). NR isdesigned to better support mobile broadband Internet access by improvingspectral efficiency, lowering costs, improving services, making use ofnew spectrum, and better integrating with other open standards usingorthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with a cyclic prefix(CP) (CP-OFDM) on the downlink (DL), using CP-OFDM and/or SC-FDM (e.g.,also known as discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM)) onthe uplink (UL), as well as supporting beamforming, multiple-inputmultiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, and carrier aggregation.However, as the demand for mobile broadband access continues toincrease, there exists a need for further improvements in LTE and NRtechnologies. Preferably, these improvements should be applicable toother multiple access technologies and the telecommunication standardsthat employ these technologies.

SUMMARY

In some aspects, a method of wireless communication, performed by a userequipment (UE), may include determining a block error rate (BLER) targetfor communications associated with the UE; determining a resourceallocation pattern for transmission of channel state informationreference signals (CSI-RS) based at least in part on the BLER target;and monitoring one or more resources, indicated by the resourceallocation pattern, for the CSI-RS.

In some aspects, a UE for wireless communication may include memory, atransmitter, and one or more processors operatively coupled to thememory. The memory and the one or more processors may be configured todetermine a block error rate (BLER) target for communications associatedwith the UE; determine a resource allocation pattern for transmission ofchannel state information reference signals (CSI-RS) based at least inpart on the BLER target; and monitor one or more resources, indicated bythe resource allocation pattern, for the CSI-RS.

In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium may store oneor more instructions for wireless communication. The one or moreinstructions, when executed by one or more processors of a UE, may causethe one or more processors to determine a block error rate (BLER) targetfor communications associated with the UE; determine a resourceallocation pattern for transmission of channel state informationreference signals (CSI-RS) based at least in part on the BLER target;and monitor one or more resources, indicated by the resource allocationpattern, for the CSI-RS.

In some aspects, an apparatus for wireless communication may includemeans for determining a block error rate (BLER) target forcommunications associated with the apparatus; means for determining aresource allocation pattern for transmission of channel stateinformation reference signals (CSI-RS) based at least in part on theBLER target; and means for monitoring one or more resources, indicatedby the resource allocation pattern, for the CSI-RS.

In some aspects, a method of wireless communication, performed by a basestation, may include determining a block error rate (BLER) target forcommunications associated with the base station; determining at leastone of a transmission power or a resource allocation pattern fortransmission of channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS)based at least in part on the BLER target; and transmitting the CSI-RSusing at least one of the transmission power or the resource allocationpattern.

In some aspects, a base station for wireless communication may includememory and one or more processors operatively coupled to the memory. Thememory and the one or more processors may be configured to determine ablock error rate (BLER) target for communications associated with thebase station; determine at least one of a transmission power or aresource allocation pattern for transmission of channel stateinformation reference signals (CSI-RS) based at least in part on theBLER target; and transmit the CSI-RS using at least one of thetransmission power or the resource allocation pattern.

In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium may store oneor more instructions for wireless communication. The one or moreinstructions, when executed by one or more processors of a base station,may cause the one or more processors to determine a block error rate(BLER) target for communications associated with the base station;determine at least one of a transmission power or a resource allocationpattern for transmission of channel state information reference signals(CSI-RS) based at least in part on the BLER target; and transmit theCSI-RS using at least one of the transmission power or the resourceallocation pattern.

In some aspects, an apparatus for wireless communication may includemeans for determining a block error rate (BLER) target forcommunications associated with the apparatus; means for determining atleast one of a transmission power or a resource allocation pattern fortransmission of channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS)based at least in part on the BLER target; and means for transmittingthe CSI-RS using at least one of the transmission power or the resourceallocation pattern.

In some aspects, a method of wireless communication, performed by a userequipment (UE), may include determining a block error rate (BLER) targetfor communications associated with the UE; determining a number of bitsto be used to indicate a channel quality indicator (CQI) index based atleast in part on the BLER target; and transmitting the CQI index usingthe number of bits.

In some aspects, a UE for wireless communication may include memory andone or more processors operatively coupled to the memory. The memory andthe one or more processors may be configured to determine a block errorrate (BLER) target for communications associated with the UE; determinea number of bits to be used to indicate a channel quality indicator(CQI) index based at least in part on the BLER target; and transmit theCQI index using the number of bits.

In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium may store oneor more instructions for wireless communication. The one or moreinstructions, when executed by one or more processors of a UE, may causethe one or more processors to determine a block error rate (BLER) targetfor communications associated with the UE; determine a number of bits tobe used to indicate a channel quality indicator (CQI) index based atleast in part on the BLER target; and transmit the CQI index using thenumber of bits.

In some aspects, an apparatus for wireless communication may includemeans for determining a block error rate (BLER) target forcommunications associated with the apparatus; means for determining anumber of bits to be used to indicate a channel quality indicator (CQI)index based at least in part on the BLER target; and means fortransmitting the CQI index using the number of bits.

In some aspects, a method of wireless communication, performed by a basestation, may include determining a block error rate (BLER) target forcommunications associated with the base station; determining a number ofbits to be used to indicate a channel quality indicator (CQI) indexbased at least in part on the BLER target; receiving the CQI index; anddecoding the CQI index based at least in part on the determined numberof bits.

In some aspects, a base station for wireless communication may includememory and one or more processors operatively coupled to the memory. Thememory and the one or more processors may be configured to determine ablock error rate (BLER) target for communications associated with thebase station; determine a number of bits to be used to indicate achannel quality indicator (CQI) index based at least in part on the BLERtarget; receive the CQI index; and decode the CQI index based at leastin part on the determined number of bits.

In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium may store oneor more instructions for wireless communication. The one or moreinstructions, when executed by one or more processors of a base station,may cause the one or more processors to determine a block error rate(BLER) target for communications associated with the base station;determine a number of bits to be used to indicate a channel qualityindicator (CQI) index based at least in part on the BLER target; receivethe CQI index; and decode the CQI index based at least in part on thedetermined number of bits.

In some aspects, an apparatus for wireless communication may includemeans for determining a block error rate (BLER) target forcommunications associated with the apparatus; means for determining anumber of bits to be used to indicate a channel quality indicator (CQI)index based at least in part on the BLER target; means for receiving theCQI index; and means for decoding the CQI index based at least in parton the determined number of bits.

In some aspects, a method of wireless communication, performed by a userequipment (UE), may include determining a block error rate (BLER) targetfor communications associated with the UE; determining a reportingtimeline, associated with reporting a channel quality indicator (CQI)report, based at least in part on the BLER target; and transmitting theCQI report according to the reporting timeline.

In some aspects, a UE for wireless communication may include memory andone or more processors operatively coupled to the memory. The memory andthe one or more processors may be configured to determine a block errorrate (BLER) target for communications associated with the UE; determinea reporting timeline, associated with reporting a channel qualityindicator (CQI) report, based at least in part on the BLER target; andtransmit the CQI report according to the reporting timeline.

In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium may store oneor more instructions for wireless communication. The one or moreinstructions, when executed by one or more processors of a UE, may causethe one or more processors to determine a block error rate (BLER) targetfor communications associated with the UE; determine a reportingtimeline, associated with reporting a channel quality indicator (CQI)report, based at least in part on the BLER target; and transmit the CQIreport according to the reporting timeline.

In some aspects, an apparatus for wireless communication may includemeans for determining a block error rate (BLER) target forcommunications associated with the apparatus; means for determining areporting timeline, associated with reporting a channel qualityindicator (CQI) report, based at least in part on the BLER target; andmeans for transmitting the CQI report according to the reportingtimeline.

In some aspects, a method of wireless communication, performed by a basestation, may include determining a block error rate (BLER) target forcommunications associated with the base station; determining a reportingtimeline, associated with reporting a channel quality indicator (CQI)report, based at least in part on the BLER target; and monitoring forthe CQI report according to the reporting timeline.

In some aspects, a base station for wireless communication may includememory and one or more processors operatively coupled to the memory. Thememory and the one or more processors may be configured to determine ablock error rate (BLER) target for communications associated with thebase station; determine a reporting timeline, associated with reportinga channel quality indicator (CQI) report, based at least in part on theBLER target; and monitor for the CQI report according to the reportingtimeline.

In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium may store oneor more instructions for wireless communication. The one or moreinstructions, when executed by one or more processors of a base station,may cause the one or more processors to determine a block error rate(BLER) target for communications associated with the base station;determine a reporting timeline, associated with reporting a channelquality indicator (CQI) report, based at least in part on the BLERtarget; and monitor for the CQI report according to the reportingtimeline.

In some aspects, an apparatus for wireless communication may includemeans for determining a block error rate (BLER) target forcommunications associated with the apparatus; means for determining areporting timeline, associated with reporting a channel qualityindicator (CQI) report, based at least in part on the BLER target; andmeans for monitoring for the CQI report according to the reportingtimeline.

In some aspects, a method of wireless communication, performed by a userequipment (UE), may include determining a block error rate (BLER) targetfor communications associated with the UE; determining at least one of anumber of bits to be used to indicate a channel quality indicator (CQI)index or a reporting timeline associated with reporting the CQI indexbased at least in part on the BLER target; and transmitting the CQIindex using at least one of the number of bits or the reportingtimeline.

In some aspects, a UE for wireless communication may include memory andone or more processors operatively coupled to the memory. The memory andthe one or more processors may be configured to determine a block errorrate (BLER) target for communications associated with the UE; determineat least one of a number of bits to be used to indicate a channelquality indicator (CQI) index or a reporting timeline associated withreporting the CQI index based at least in part on the BLER target; andtransmit the CQI index using at least one of the number of bits or thereporting timeline.

In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium may store oneor more instructions for wireless communication. The one or moreinstructions, when executed by one or more processors of a UE, may causethe one or more processors to determine a block error rate (BLER) targetfor communications associated with the UE; determine at least one of anumber of bits to be used to indicate a channel quality indicator (CQI)index or a reporting timeline associated with reporting the CQI indexbased at least in part on the BLER target; and transmit the CQI indexusing at least one of the number of bits or the reporting timeline.

In some aspects, an apparatus for wireless communication may includemeans for determining a block error rate (BLER) target forcommunications associated with the apparatus; means for determining atleast one of a number of bits to be used to indicate a channel qualityindicator (CQI) index or a reporting timeline associated with reportingthe CQI index based at least in part on the BLER target; and means fortransmitting the CQI index using at least one of the number of bits orthe reporting timeline.

Aspects generally include a method, apparatus, system, computer programproduct, non-transitory computer-readable medium, user equipment, basestation, wireless communication device, and processing system assubstantially described herein with reference to and as illustrated bythe accompanying drawings and specification.

The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the features and technicaladvantages of examples according to the disclosure in order that thedetailed description that follows may be better understood. Additionalfeatures and advantages will be described hereinafter. The conceptionand specific examples disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis formodifying or designing other structures for carrying out the samepurposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do notdepart from the scope of the appended claims. Characteristics of theconcepts disclosed herein, both their organization and method ofoperation, together with associated advantages will be better understoodfrom the following description when considered in connection with theaccompanying figures. Each of the figures is provided for the purpose ofillustration and description, and not as a definition of the limits ofthe claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

So that the manner in which the above-recited features of the presentdisclosure can be understood in detail, a more particular description,briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to aspects, some ofwhich are illustrated in the appended drawings. It is to be noted,however, that the appended drawings illustrate only certain typicalaspects of this disclosure and are therefore not to be consideredlimiting of its scope, for the description may admit to other equallyeffective aspects. The same reference numbers in different drawings mayidentify the same or similar elements.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating an example of awireless communication network, in accordance with various aspects ofthe present disclosure.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating an example of a basestation in communication with a user equipment (UE) in a wirelesscommunication network, in accordance with various aspects of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 3A is a block diagram conceptually illustrating an example of aframe structure in a wireless communication network, in accordance withvarious aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3B is a block diagram conceptually illustrating an examplesynchronization communication hierarchy in a wireless communicationnetwork, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating an example subframeformat with a normal cyclic prefix, in accordance with various aspectsof the present disclosure.

FIGS. 5-7 are diagrams illustrating examples relating to channel qualityindicator (CQI) reporting for ultra-reliable low latency communications(URLLC), in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

FIGS. 8-13 are diagrams illustrating example processes relating to CQIreporting for URLLC, in accordance with various aspects of the presentdisclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Various aspects of the disclosure are described more fully hereinafterwith reference to the accompanying drawings. This disclosure may,however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construedas limited to any specific structure or function presented throughoutthis disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that thisdisclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey thescope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. Based on theteachings herein one skilled in the art should appreciate that the scopeof the disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the disclosuredisclosed herein, whether implemented independently of or combined withany other aspect of the disclosure. For example, an apparatus may beimplemented or a method may be practiced using any number of the aspectsset forth herein. In addition, the scope of the disclosure is intendedto cover such an apparatus or method which is practiced using otherstructure, functionality, or structure and functionality in addition toor other than the various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. Itshould be understood that any aspect of the disclosure disclosed hereinmay be embodied by one or more elements of a claim.

Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented withreference to various apparatuses and techniques. These apparatuses andtechniques will be described in the following detailed description andillustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules,components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, and/or the like(collectively referred to as “elements”). These elements may beimplemented using hardware, software, or combinations thereof. Whethersuch elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon theparticular application and design constraints imposed on the overallsystem.

It is noted that while aspects may be described herein using terminologycommonly associated with 3G and/or 4G wireless technologies, aspects ofthe present disclosure can be applied in other generation-basedcommunication systems, such as 5G and later, including NR technologies.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a network 100 in which aspects of thepresent disclosure may be practiced. The network 100 may be an LTEnetwork or some other wireless network, such as a 5G or NR network.Wireless network 100 may include a number of BSs 110 (shown as BS 110 a,BS 110 b, BS 110 c, and BS 110 d) and other network entities. A BS is anentity that communicates with user equipment (UEs) and may also bereferred to as a base station, a NR BS, a Node B, a gNB, a 5G node B(NB), an access point, a transmit receive point (TRP), and/or the like.Each BS may provide communication coverage for a particular geographicarea. In 3GPP, the term “cell” can refer to a coverage area of a BSand/or a BS subsystem serving this coverage area, depending on thecontext in which the term is used.

A BS may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, afemto cell, and/or another type of cell. A macro cell may cover arelatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius)and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscription. Apico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allowunrestricted access by UEs with service subscription. A femto cell maycover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and may allowrestricted access by UEs having association with the femto cell (e.g.,UEs in a closed subscriber group (CSG)). A BS for a macro cell may bereferred to as a macro BS. A BS for a pico cell may be referred to as apico BS. A BS for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto BS or ahome BS. In the example shown in FIG. 1 , a BS 110 a may be a macro BSfor a macro cell 102 a, a BS 110 b may be a pico BS for a pico cell 102b, and a BS 110 c may be a femto BS for a femto cell 102 c. A BS maysupport one or multiple (e.g., three) cells. The terms “eNB”, “basestation”, “NR BS”, “gNB”, “TRP”, “AP”, “node B”, “5G NB”, and “cell” maybe used interchangeably herein.

In some aspects, a cell may not necessarily be stationary, and thegeographic area of the cell may move according to the location of amobile BS. In some aspects, the BSs may be interconnected to one anotherand/or to one or more other BSs or network nodes (not shown) in theaccess network 100 through various types of backhaul interfaces such asa direct physical connection, a virtual network, and/or the like usingany suitable transport network.

Wireless network 100 may also include relay stations. A relay station isan entity that can receive a transmission of data from an upstreamstation (e.g., a BS or a UE) and send a transmission of the data to adownstream station (e.g., a UE or a BS). A relay station may also be aUE that can relay transmissions for other UEs. In the example shown inFIG. 1 , a relay station 110 d may communicate with macro BS 110 a and aUE 120 d in order to facilitate communication between BS 110 a and UE120 d. A relay station may also be referred to as a relay BS, a relaybase station, a relay, and/or the like.

Wireless network 100 may be a heterogeneous network that includes BSs ofdifferent types, e.g., macro BSs, pico BSs, femto BSs, relay BSs, and/orthe like. These different types of BSs may have different transmit powerlevels, different coverage areas, and different impact on interferencein wireless network 100. For example, macro BSs may have a high transmitpower level (e.g., 5 to 40 Watts) whereas pico BSs, femto BSs, and relayBSs may have lower transmit power levels (e.g., 0.1 to 2 Watts).

A network controller 130 may couple to a set of BSs and may providecoordination and control for these BSs. Network controller 130 maycommunicate with the BSs via a backhaul. The BSs may also communicatewith one another, e.g., directly or indirectly via a wireless orwireline backhaul.

UEs 120 (e.g., 120 a, 120 b, 120 c) may be dispersed throughout wirelessnetwork 100, and each UE may be stationary or mobile. A UE may also bereferred to as an access terminal, a terminal, a mobile station, asubscriber unit, a station, and/or the like. A UE may be a cellularphone (e.g., a smart phone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), awireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, alaptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station,a tablet, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, anultrabook, medical device or equipment, biometric sensors/devices,wearable devices (smart watches, smart clothing, smart glasses, smartwrist bands, smart jewelry (e.g., smart ring, smart bracelet)), anentertainment device (e.g., a music or video device, or a satelliteradio), a vehicular component or sensor, smart meters/sensors,industrial manufacturing equipment, a global positioning system device,or any other suitable device that is configured to communicate via awireless or wired medium.

Some UEs may be considered machine-type communication (MTC) or evolvedor enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC) UEs. MTC and eMTC UEsinclude, for example, robots, drones, remote devices, such as sensors,meters, monitors, location tags, and/or the like, that may communicatewith a base station, another device (e.g., remote device), or some otherentity. A wireless node may provide, for example, connectivity for or toa network (e.g., a wide area network such as Internet or a cellularnetwork) via a wired or wireless communication link. Some UEs may beconsidered Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices, and/or may be implementedas may be implemented as NB-IoT (narrowband internet of things) devices.Some UEs may be considered a Customer Premises Equipment (CPE). UE 120may be included inside a housing that houses components of UE 120, suchas processor components, memory components, and/or the like.

In general, any number of wireless networks may be deployed in a givengeographic area. Each wireless network may support a particular RAT andmay operate on one or more frequencies. A RAT may also be referred to asa radio technology, an air interface, and/or the like. A frequency mayalso be referred to as a carrier, a frequency channel, and/or the like.Each frequency may support a single RAT in a given geographic area inorder to avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs.In some cases, NR or 5G RAT networks may be deployed.

In some aspects, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120 a and UE 120e) may communicate directly using one or more sidelink channels (e.g.,without using a base station 110 as an intermediary to communicate withone another). For example, the UEs 120 may communicate usingpeer-to-peer (P2P) communications, device-to-device (D2D)communications, a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocol (e.g., which mayinclude a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocol, a vehicle-to-infrastructure(V2I) protocol, and/or the like), a mesh network, and/or the like. Inthis case, the UE 120 may perform scheduling operations, resourceselection operations, and/or other operations described elsewhere hereinas being performed by the base station 110.

As indicated above, FIG. 1 is provided merely as an example. Otherexamples are possible and may differ from what was described with regardto FIG. 1 .

FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a design 200 of base station 110 and UE120, which may be one of the base stations and one of the UEs in FIG. 1. Base station 110 may be equipped with T antennas 234 a through 234 t,and UE 120 may be equipped with R antennas 252 a through 252 r, where ingeneral T≥1 and R≥1.

At base station 110, a transmit processor 220 may receive data from adata source 212 for one or more UEs, select one or more modulation andcoding schemes (MCS) for each UE based at least in part on channelquality indicators (CQIs) received from the UE, process (e.g., encodeand modulate) the data for each UE based at least in part on the MCS(s)selected for the UE, and provide data symbols for all UEs. Transmitprocessor 220 may also process system information (e.g., for semi-staticresource partitioning information (SRPI) and/or the like) and controlinformation (e.g., CQI requests, grants, upper layer signaling, and/orthe like) and provide overhead symbols and control symbols. Transmitprocessor 220 may also generate reference symbols for reference signals(e.g., the cell-specific reference signal (CRS)) and synchronizationsignals (e.g., the primary synchronization signal (PSS) and secondarysynchronization signal (SSS)). A transmit (TX) multiple-inputmultiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 may perform spatial processing(e.g., precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols, the overheadsymbols, and/or the reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide Toutput symbol streams to T modulators (MODs) 232 a through 232 t. Eachmodulator 232 may process a respective output symbol stream (e.g., forOFDM and/or the like) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator232 may further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, andupconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. Tdownlink signals from modulators 232 a through 232 t may be transmittedvia T antennas 234 a through 234 t, respectively. According to variousaspects described in more detail below, the synchronization signals canbe generated with location encoding to convey additional information.

At UE 120, antennas 252 a through 252 r may receive the downlink signalsfrom base station 110 and/or other base stations and may providereceived signals to demodulators (DEMODs) 254 a through 254 r,respectively. Each demodulator 254 may condition (e.g., filter, amplify,downconvert, and digitize) a received signal to obtain input samples.Each demodulator 254 may further process the input samples (e.g., forOFDM and/or the like) to obtain received symbols. A MIMO detector 256may obtain received symbols from all R demodulators 254 a through 254 r,perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, andprovide detected symbols. A receive processor 258 may process (e.g.,demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for UE120 to a data sink 260, and provide decoded control information andsystem information to a controller/processor 280. A channel processormay determine reference signal received power (RSRP), received signalstrength indicator (RSSI), reference signal received quality (RSRQ),channel quality indicator (CQI), and/or the like.

On the uplink, at UE 120, a transmit processor 264 may receive andprocess data from a data source 262 and control information (e.g., forreports comprising RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, CQI, and/or the like) fromcontroller/processor 280. Transmit processor 264 may also generatereference symbols for one or more reference signals. The symbols fromtransmit processor 264 may be precoded by a TX MIMO processor 266 ifapplicable, further processed by modulators 254 a through 254 r (e.g.,for DFT-s-OFDM, CP-OFDM, and/or the like), and transmitted to basestation 110. At base station 110, the uplink signals from UE 120 andother UEs may be received by antennas 234, processed by demodulators232, detected by a MIMO detector 236 if applicable, and furtherprocessed by a receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and controlinformation sent by UE 120. Receive processor 238 may provide thedecoded data to a data sink 239 and the decoded control information tocontroller/processor 240. Base station 110 may include communicationunit 244 and communicate to network controller 130 via communicationunit 244. Network controller 130 may include communication unit 294,controller/processor 290, and memory 292.

In some aspects, one or more components of UE 120 may be included in ahousing. Controller/processor 240 of base station 110,controller/processor 280 of UE 120, and/or any other component(s) ofFIG. 2 may perform one or more techniques associated with CQI reportingfor URLLC, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example,controller/processor 240 of base station 110, controller/processor 280of UE 120, and/or any other component(s) of FIG. 2 may perform or directoperations of, for example, process 800 of FIG. 8 , process 900 of FIG.9 , process 1000 of FIG. 10 , process 1100 of FIG. 11 , process 1200 ofFIG. 12 , process 1300 of FIG. 13 , and/or other processes as describedherein. Memories 242 and 282 may store data and program codes for basestation 110 and UE 120, respectively. A scheduler 246 may schedule UEsfor data transmission on the downlink and/or uplink.

In some aspects, UE 120 may include means for determining a block errorrate (BLER) target for communications associated with the UE; means fordetermining a resource allocation pattern for transmission of channelstate information reference signals (CSI-RS) based at least in part onthe BLER target; means for monitoring one or more resources, indicatedby the resource allocation pattern, for the CSI-RS; and/or the like.Additionally, or alternatively, UE 120 may include means for determininga block error rate (BLER) target for communications associated with theUE; means for determining a number of bits to be used to indicate achannel quality indicator (CQI) index based at least in part on the BLERtarget; means for transmitting the CQI index using the number of bits;and/or the like. Additionally, or alternatively, UE 120 may includemeans for determining a block error rate (BLER) target forcommunications associated with the UE; means for determining a reportingtimeline, associated with reporting a channel quality indicator (CQI)report, based at least in part on the BLER target; means fortransmitting the CQI report according to the reporting timeline; and/orthe like. Additionally, or alternatively, UE 120 may include means fordetermining a block error rate (BLER) target for communicationsassociated with the UE; means for determining at least one of a numberof bits to be used to indicate a channel quality indicator (CQI) indexor a reporting timeline associated with reporting the CQI index based atleast in part on the BLER target; means for transmitting the CQI indexusing at least one of the number of bits or the reporting timeline;and/or the like. In some aspects, such means may include one or morecomponents of UE 120 described in connection with FIG. 2 , such asantenna 252, DEMOD 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258,controller/processor 280, and/or the like.

In some aspects, base station 110 may include means for determining ablock error rate (BLER) target for communications associated with thebase station; means for determining at least one of a transmission poweror a resource allocation pattern for transmission of channel stateinformation reference signals (CSI-RS) based at least in part on theBLER target; means for transmitting the CSI-RS using at least one of thetransmission power or the resource allocation pattern; and/or the like.Additionally, or alternatively, base station 110 may include means fordetermining a block error rate (BLER) target for communicationsassociated with the base station; means for determining a number of bitsto be used to indicate a channel quality indicator (CQI) index based atleast in part on the BLER target; means for receiving the CQI index;means for decoding the CQI index based at least in part on thedetermined number of bits; and/or the like. Additionally, oralternatively, base station 110 may include means for determining ablock error rate (BLER) target for communications associated with thebase station; means for determining a reporting timeline, associatedwith reporting a channel quality indicator (CQI) report, based at leastin part on the BLER target; means for monitoring for the CQI reportaccording to the reporting timeline; and/or the like. In some aspects,such means may include one or more components of base station 110described in connection with FIG. 2 , such as controller/processor 240,transmit processor 220, TX MIMO processor 230, MOD 232, antenna 234,and/or the like.

As indicated above, FIG. 2 is provided merely as an example. Otherexamples are possible and may differ from what was described with regardto FIG. 2 .

FIG. 3A shows an example frame structure 300 for FDD in atelecommunications system (e.g., NR). The transmission timeline for eachof the downlink and uplink may be partitioned into units of radioframes. Each radio frame may have a predetermined duration and may bepartitions into a set of Z (Z≥1) subframes (e.g., with indices of 0through Z−1). Each subframe may include a set of slots (e.g., two slotsper subframe are shown in FIG. 3A). Each slot may include a set of Lsymbol periods. For example, each slot may include seven symbol periods(e.g., as shown in FIG. 3A), fifteen symbol periods, and/or the like. Ina case where the subframe includes two slots, the subframe may include2L symbol periods, where the 2L symbol periods in each subframe may beassigned indices of 0 through 2L−1. In some aspects, a scheduling unitfor the FDD may frame-based, subframe-based, slot-based, symbol-based,and/or the like.

While some techniques are described herein in connection with frames,subframes, slots, and/or the like, these techniques may equally apply toother types of wireless communication structures, which may be referredto using terms other than “frame,” “subframe,” “slot,” and/or the likein 5G NR. In some aspects, a wireless communication structure may referto a periodic time-bounded communication unit defined by a wirelesscommunication standard and/or protocol. Additionally, or alternatively,different configurations of wireless communication structures than thoseshown in FIG. 3A may be used.

In certain telecommunications (e.g., NR), a base station may transmitsynchronization signals. For example, a base station may transmit aprimary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal(SSS), and/or the like, on the downlink for each cell supported by thebase station. The PSS and SSS may be used by UEs for cell search andacquisition. For example, the PSS may be used by UEs to determine symboltiming, and the SSS may be used by UEs to determine a physical cellidentifier, associated with the base station, and frame timing. The basestation may also transmit a physical broadcast channel (PBCH). The PBCHmay carry some system information, such as system information thatsupports initial access by UEs.

In some aspects, the base station may transmit the PSS, the SSS, and/orthe PBCH in accordance with a synchronization communication hierarchy(e.g., a synchronization signal (SS) hierarchy) including multiplesynchronization communications (e.g., SS blocks), as described below inconnection with FIG. 3B.

FIG. 3B is a block diagram conceptually illustrating an example SShierarchy, which is an example of a synchronization communicationhierarchy. As shown in FIG. 3B, the SS hierarchy may include an SS burstset, which may include a plurality of SS bursts (identified as SS burst0 through SS burst B-1, where B is a maximum number of repetitions ofthe SS burst that may be transmitted by the base station). As furthershown, each SS burst may include one or more SS blocks (identified as SSblock 0 through SS block (bmax SS-1), where bmax SS-1 is a maximumnumber of SS blocks that can be carried by an SS burst). In someaspects, different SS blocks may be beam-formed differently. An SS burstset may be periodically transmitted by a wireless node, such as every Xmilliseconds, as shown in FIG. 3B. In some aspects, an SS burst set mayhave a fixed or dynamic length, shown as Y milliseconds in FIG. 3B.

The SS burst set shown in FIG. 3B is an example of a synchronizationcommunication set, and other synchronization communication sets may beused in connection with the techniques described herein. Furthermore,the SS block shown in FIG. 3B is an example of a synchronizationcommunication, and other synchronization communications may be used inconnection with the techniques described herein.

In some aspects, an SS block includes resources that carry the PSS, theSSS, the PBCH, and/or other synchronization signals (e.g., a tertiarysynchronization signal (TSS)) and/or synchronization channels. In someaspects, multiple SS blocks are included in an SS burst, and the PSS,the SSS, and/or the PBCH may be the same across each SS block of the SSburst. In some aspects, a single SS block may be included in an SSburst. In some aspects, the SS block may be at least four symbol periodsin length, where each symbol carries one or more of the PSS (e.g.,occupying one symbol), the SSS (e.g., occupying one symbol), and/or thePBCH (e.g., occupying two symbols).

The base station may transmit system information, such as systeminformation blocks (SIBs) on a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH)in certain subframes. The base station may transmit controlinformation/data on a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) in Csymbol periods of a subframe, where B may be configurable for eachsubframe. The base station may transmit traffic data and/or other dataon the PDSCH in the remaining symbol periods of each subframe.

As indicated above, FIGS. 3A and 3B are provided as examples. Otherexamples are possible and may differ from what was described with regardto FIGS. 3A and 3B.

FIG. 4 shows an example subframe format 410 with a normal cyclic prefix.The available time frequency resources may be partitioned into resourceblocks. Each resource block may cover a set to of subcarriers (e.g., 12subcarriers) in one slot and may include a number of resource elements.Each resource element may cover one subcarrier in one symbol period(e.g., in time) and may be used to send one modulation symbol, which maybe a real or complex value. In some aspects, subframe format 410 may beused for transmission of SS blocks that carry the PSS, the SSS, thePBCH, and/or the like, as described herein.

An interlace structure may be used for each of the downlink and uplinkfor FDD in certain telecommunications systems (e.g., NR). For example, Qinterlaces with indices of 0 through Q−1 may be defined, where Q may beequal to 4, 6, 8, 10, or some other value. Each interlace may includesubframes that are spaced apart by Q frames. In particular, interlace qmay include subframes q, q+Q, q+2Q, etc., where q E {0, . . . , Q−1}.

While aspects of the examples described herein may be associated with NRor 5G technologies, aspects of the present disclosure may be applicablewith other wireless communication systems. New radio (NR) may refer toradios configured to operate according to a new air interface (e.g.,other than Orthogonal Frequency Divisional Multiple Access (OFDMA)-basedair interfaces) or fixed transport layer (e.g., other than InternetProtocol (IP)). In aspects, NR may utilize OFDM with a CP (hereinreferred to as cyclic prefix OFDM or CP-OFDM) and/or SC-FDM on theuplink, may utilize CP-OFDM on the downlink and include support forhalf-duplex operation using TDD. In aspects, NR may, for example,utilize OFDM with a CP (herein referred to as CP-OFDM) and/or discreteFourier transform spread orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing(DFT-s-OFDM) on the uplink, may utilize CP-OFDM on the downlink andinclude support for half-duplex operation using TDD. NR may includeEnhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) service targeting wide bandwidth (e.g.,80 megahertz (MHz) and beyond), millimeter wave (mmW) targeting highcarrier frequency (e.g., 60 gigahertz (GHz)), massive MTC (mMTC)targeting non-backward compatible MTC techniques, and/or missioncritical targeting ultra reliable low latency communications (URLLC)service.

In some aspects, a single component carrier bandwidth of 100 MHZ may besupported. NR resource blocks may span 12 sub-carriers with asub-carrier bandwidth of 60 or 120 kilohertz (kHz) over a 0.1millisecond (ms) duration. Each radio frame may include 40 subframeswith a length of 10 ms. Consequently, each subframe may have a length of0.25 ms. Each subframe may indicate a link direction (e.g., DL or UL)for data transmission and the link direction for each subframe may bedynamically switched. Each subframe may include DL/UL data as well asDL/UL control data.

As indicated above, FIG. 4 is provided as an example. Other examples arepossible and may differ from what was described with regard to FIG. 4 .

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example 500 relating to CQIreporting for URLLC, in accordance with various aspects of the presentdisclosure.

As shown in FIG. 5 , a base station 110 and a UE 120 may communicatewith one another using different types of communication services, suchas enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low latencycommunications (URLLC), and/or the like. These different types ofcommunication services may be associated with different servicerequirements, such as different reliability requirements, differentlatency requirements, and/or the like. For example, a URLLC service mayrequire higher reliability and/or lower latency than an eMBB service. Asa result, the URLLC service may target a lower block error rate (BLER)than the eMBB service to achieve higher reliability and lower latency.Furthermore, the URLLC service may have different service levels withdifferent reliability and/or latency requirements, therefore requiringdifferent BLER targets.

BLER is defined as the ratio of the number of erroneous blocks receivedto the total number of blocks transmitted. An erroneous block is atransport block (TB) for which the cyclic redundancy check fails at thereceiver. As the TB size increases, throughput increases, but thelikelihood of a block error occurring also increases. To achieve theappropriate balance between throughput and BLER, the TB size may beselected based at least in part on channel quality, such as by using alarger TB size when channel quality is good, and using a smaller TB sizewhen channel quality is poor. To determine channel quality, the basestation 110 may transmit channel state information reference signals(CSI-RS), and the UE 120 may measure the CSI-RS and report a channelquality indicator (CQI) index, representative of channel quality, in aCQI report. The base station 110 may use the CQI index to select amodulation and coding scheme (MCS) and/or a coding rate for a downlinkcommunication, which may dictate a TB size of the downlinkcommunication. For example, the base station 110 may use a larger TBsize when the UE 120 reports a higher CQI index (e.g., indicating betterchannel quality), and may use a smaller TB size when the UE 120 reportsa lower CQI index (e.g., indicating poorer channel quality).

To determine a CQI index to be reported, the UE 120 may use a CQI table,and may report, in a CQI report, the maximum CQI index in the table forwhich a target BLER can be achieved. However, with multiple possibleBLER requirements for different types of services, such as URLLC andeMBB, various factors may need to be considered to provide a reliableand timely CQI report with low overhead. Some techniques and apparatusesdescribed herein assist with providing a CQI report that is highlyreliable (e.g., as described in more detail in connection with FIG. 5 ),with low overhead (e.g., as described in more detail in connection withFIG. 6 ), and that is reported according to an appropriate reportingtimeline (e.g., as described in more detail in connection with FIG. 7 ).

As shown in FIG. 5 , and by reference number 510, the base station 110may determine a BLER target for communications associated with the basestation 110 (e.g., for communications between the base station 110 andthe UE 120), and may determine at least one of a transmission power or aresource allocation pattern, for transmission of CSI-RS, based at leastin part on the BLER target. As used herein, “determining” may meandetermining autonomously without being instructed by another device ordetermining based at least in part on an instruction received fromanother device. For example, a UE 120 may “determine” autonomouslywithout being instructed by a base station 110, or may “determine” basedat least in part on an instruction received from the base station 110.In some aspects, the base station 110 may determine the BLER targetbased at least in part on a communication service with the UE 120, whichmay be negotiated and/or configured during a radio resource control(RRC) configuration procedure. In some aspects, the BLER target may becorrespond to a CQI table that maps to the BLER target. For example,different CQI tables (e.g., having different entries) may map todifferent BLER targets. Thus, the base station 110 may indicate a BLERtarget to the UE 120 by explicitly indicating the BLER target or byimplicitly indicating the BLER target by indicating a CQI table thatmaps to the BLER target.

As an example, an eMBB service may be associated with a BLER target of10⁻¹ (e.g., 10% or fewer erroneous blocks). In some aspects, a URLLCservice may be associated with two BLER targets, such as a high BLERtarget (e.g., 10⁻³, with 0.1% or fewer erroneous blocks) and a low BLERtarget (e.g., 10⁻⁵, with 0.001% or fewer erroneous blocks). These URLLCBLER targets (e.g., 10⁻³ and 10⁻⁵) are provided as examples, and otherexamples are possible.

As shown by reference number 520, the base station 110 may determinethat the CSI-RS are to be transmitted with a higher transmission powerwhen the BLER target is lower. Conversely, the base station 110 maydetermine that the CSI-RS are to be transmitted with a lowertransmission power when the BLER target is higher. For example, theCSI-RS may be transmitted with a lower transmission power for eMBBcommunications associated with a higher BLER target (e.g., shown as10⁻¹), and may be transmitted with a higher transmission power for URLLCcommunications associated with a lower BLER target (e.g., shown as 10⁻³and 10⁻⁵). Similarly, the CSI-RS may be transmitted with a lowertransmission power for high BLER target URLLC communications (e.g.,shown as 10⁻³), and may be transmitted with a higher transmission powerfor low BLER target URLLC communications (e.g., shown as 10⁻⁵).

As shown by reference number 530, the base station 110 may determinethat a larger number of CSI-RS are to be transmitted (e.g., using moreCSI-RS resources) when the BLER target is lower. Conversely, the basestation 110 may determine that a smaller number of CSI-RS are to betransmitted (e.g., using fewer CSI-RS resources) when the BLER target ishigher. For example, fewer CSI-RS may be transmitted for eMBBcommunications associated with a higher BLER target (e.g., shown as10⁻¹), and more CSI-RS may be transmitted for URLLC communicationsassociated with a lower BLER target (e.g., shown as 10⁻³ and 10⁻⁵).Similarly, fewer CSI-RS may be transmitted for high BLER target URLLCcommunications (e.g., shown as 10⁻³), and more CSI-RS may be transmittedfor low BLER target URLLC communications (e.g., shown as 10⁻⁵).

In some aspects, the number of CSI-RS to be transmitted may be indicatedby a resource allocation pattern, which may indicate time resources tobe used for CSI-RS transmission, frequency resources to be used forCSI-RS transmission, resource blocks to be used for CSI-RS transmission,and/or the like. In some aspects, the resource allocation pattern may berecurring (e.g., may recur over time, over a set of frequencies, and/orthe like). In some aspects, the resource allocation pattern may notrecur (e.g., may occur a single time). For example, CSI-RS may betransmitted more frequently (e.g., using more time resources within atime window) for lower BLER targets, and may be transmitted lessfrequently (e.g., using fewer time resources within the time window) forhigher BLER targets. In this case, if the CSI-RS is transmittedperiodically, the period may be shorter for lower BLER targets, and maybe longer for higher BLER targets. Additionally, or alternatively,CSI-RS may be transmitted on more frequencies (e.g., using morefrequency resources within a window) for lower BLER targets, and may betransmitted on fewer frequencies (e.g., using fewer frequency resourceswithin the window) for higher BLER targets.

As the BLER target decreases, the accuracy of the CQI index reported bythe UE 120 may become increasingly important to ensure that the basestation 110 selects an appropriate MCS, coding rate, and/or TB size forthe channel conditions. When the base station 110 transmits CSI-RS usinga higher transmission power (e.g., using power boosting), the UE 120 mayhave an increased likelihood of receiving the CSI-RS (e.g., at the costof additional base station resources being used for transmission).Similarly, when the base station 110 transmits more CSI-RS resources(e.g., on more time and/or frequency resources), the UE 120 may have anincreased likelihood of receiving the CSI-RS, and/or may use a largernumber of CSI-RS to perform channel estimation (e.g., at the cost ofadditional network resources being used for CSI-RS, more base stationresources being used to transmit CSI-RS, and more UE resources beingused to receive CSI-RS). As a result, the UE 120 may obtain a betterchannel estimate, and may report a CQI index that more accuratelyrepresents channel quality. By adjusting the transmission power ofCSI-RS and/or the number of transmitted CSI-RS based at least in part onthe BLER target, the base station 110 may achieve an appropriate balancebetween resource consumption and accurate channel estimation.

As shown in FIG. 5 , in some aspects, the base station 110 may use atable, stored in memory of the base station 110, to determine theresource allocation pattern and/or the transmission power. For example,the table may indicate a mapping between different BLER targets andcorresponding transmission powers and/or corresponding resourceallocation patterns.

In some aspects, the base station 110 may determine a first resourceallocation pattern for CSI-RS (e.g., using the table), and may determinethat there are insufficient resources (e.g., time and/or frequencyresources) to schedule the CSI-RS using the first resource allocationpattern. In this case, the base station 110 may use a second resourceallocation pattern (e.g., a fallback resource allocation pattern, adefault resource allocation pattern, a second resource allocationpattern indicated in the table, and/or the like) that indicates fewerresources than the first resource allocation pattern. In some aspects,the base station 110 may indicate, to the UE 120, that the secondresource allocation pattern is being used. In some aspects, the basestation 110 may transmit the CSI-RS using the second resource allocationpattern and using the transmission power indicated in the table (e.g.,using power boosting). In some aspects, the base station 110 may notpower boost the CSI-RS transmissions if the CSI-RS can be scheduledaccording to the first resource allocation pattern. Thus, the basestation 110 may use a resource allocation pattern to improve theaccuracy of a reported CQI index, and may use power boosting to improvethe accuracy of the reported CQI index if the resource allocationpattern cannot be used. In some aspects, the base station 110 may useboth the resource allocation pattern and power boosting to improve theaccuracy of the reported CQI index.

As shown by reference number 540, the base station 110 may transmit theCSI-RS using at least one of the transmission power or the resourceallocation pattern. For example, the base station 110 may transmit theCSI-RS using the determined transmission power. Additionally, oralternatively, the base station 110 may transmit the CSI-RS on one ormore resources indicated in the resource allocation pattern (e.g., timeresources, frequency resources, resource blocks, resource elements,and/or the like). In some aspects, the CSI-RS may be a non-zero power(NZP) CSI-RS. Additionally, or alternatively, the CSI-RS may be aninterference measurement resource (IMR).

As shown by reference number 550, the UE 120 may determine a BLER targetfor communications associated with the UE 120 (e.g., for communicationsbetween the base station 110 and the UE 120), and may determine aresource allocation pattern for CSI-RS based at least in part on theBLER target. In some aspects, the UE 120 may determine the BLER targetbased at least in part on a communication service being used by the UE120, which may be negotiated and/or configured during an RRCconfiguration procedure. The communication service may include an eMBBservice, a URLLC service, and/or the like, as described above. In someaspects, different communication services may be associated withdifferent BLER targets, and/or a communication service (e.g., URLLC) maybe associated with multiple BLER targets, as described above. In someaspects, the BLER target may be indicated during an RRC configurationprocedure (e.g., via an explicit indication of the BLER target or anindication of a CQI table that maps to the BLER target). Additionally,or alternatively, the resource allocation pattern may be indicatedduring an RRC configuration procedure.

As shown by reference number 560, the UE 120 may monitor for the CSI-RSbased at least in part on the determined resource allocation pattern.For example, the UE 120 may monitor one or more resources, indicated bythe resource allocation pattern, for the CSI-RS. As described above, theresource allocation pattern may indicate time resources to be used forCSI-RS, frequency resources to be used for CSI-RS, resource blocks to beused for CSI-RS, and/or the like.

The UE 120 may determine the resource allocation pattern in a similarmanner as described above in connection with the base station 110. Forexample, the UE 120 may determine that a larger number of resources areto be monitored for CSI-RS when the BLER target is lower. Conversely,the UE 120 may determine that a smaller number of resources are to bemonitored for CSI-RS when the BLER target is higher. In some aspects,the UE 120 may monitor for CSI-RS more frequently (e.g., using more timeresources within a time window) for lower BLER targets, and may monitorfor CSI-RS less frequently (e.g., using fewer time resources within thetime window) for higher BLER targets. Additionally, or alternatively,the UE 120 may monitor for CSI-RS on more frequencies (e.g., using morefrequency resources within a window) for lower BLER targets, and maymonitor for CSI-RS on fewer frequencies (e.g., using fewer frequencyresources within the window) for higher BLER targets.

In some aspects, the UE 120 may use a table, stored in memory of the UE120, to determine the resource allocation pattern for CSI-RS. Forexample, the table may indicate a mapping between different BLER targetsand corresponding resource allocation patterns.

As shown by reference number 570, the UE 120 may generate the CQI reportbased at least in part on the BLER target, and/or may transmit the CQIreport based at least in part on the BLER target. For example, the UE120 may monitor for CSI-RS based at least in part on the resourceallocation pattern determined based at least in part on the BLER target,may perform a channel estimation using the CSI-RS, and may report thechannel estimation (e.g., indicative of channel quality) in the CQIreport.

In some aspects, the UE 120 may indicate channel quality using a CQIindex in the CQI report, and may determine a number of bits to be usedfor the CQI index based at least in part on the BLER target, asdescribed in more detail below in connection with FIG. 6 . Additionally,or alternatively, the UE 120 may determine a reporting timeline,associated with reporting the CQI report, based at least in part on theBLER target, and may transmit the CQI report according to the reportingtimeline, as described in more detail below in connection with FIG. 7 .Similarly, the base station 110 may monitor for the CQI report accordingto the reporting timeline, and/or may decode the CQI index based atleast in part on the number of bits, either or both of which may bedetermined based at least in part on the BLER target.

As the BLER target decreases, the accuracy of the CQI index reported bythe UE 120 may become increasingly important to ensure that the basestation 110 selects an appropriate MCS, coding rate, and/or TB size forthe channel conditions. When the UE 120 receives more CSI-RS, the UE 120may use a larger number of CSI-RS to perform channel estimation (e.g.,at the cost of additional network resources being used for CSI-RS, morebase station resources being used to transmit CSI-RS, and more UEresources being used to receive CSI-RS). As a result, the UE 120 mayobtain a better channel estimate, and may report a CQI index that moreaccurately represents channel quality. By adjusting the number of CSI-RSbased at least in part on the BLER target, the base station 110 and theUE 120 may achieve an appropriate balance between resource consumptionand accurate channel estimation.

As indicated above, FIG. 5 is provided as an example. Other examples arepossible and may differ from what was described with respect to FIG. 5 .

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating another example 600 relating to CQIreporting for URLLC, in accordance with various aspects of the presentdisclosure.

As shown in FIG. 6 , a base station 110 and a UE 120 may communicatewith one another using different types of communication services, suchas eMBB, URLLC, and/or the like. As described above in connection withFIG. 5 , different types of communication services may be associatedwith different BLER targets, and/or a particular type of communicationservice (e.g., URLLC) may be associated with multiple BLER targets fordifferent scenarios or deployments. In some cases, a low BLER target(e.g., 10⁻³, 10⁻⁵, and/or the like) may be achieved only if an initialtransmission is received without an error, and may not be achieved ifthe initial transmission needs to be retransmitted. In some aspects, theBLER target may be correspond to a CQI table that maps to the BLERtarget. For example, different CQI tables (e.g., having differententries) may map to different BLER targets. Thus, the base station 110may indicate a BLER target to the UE 120 by explicitly indicating theBLER target or by implicitly indicating the BLER target by indicating aCQI table that maps to the BLER target.

To increase the likelihood of the initial transmission being receivedwithout an error, the base station 110 and the UE 120 may communicateusing a relatively low spectral efficiency (e.g., a smaller TB size, alower coding rate, a lower data rate, a lower MCS index, and/or thelike). As a result, some higher CQI indices that may be reported forhigher BLER targets (e.g., 10⁻¹ for eMBB) may rarely, if ever, be usedfor lower BLER targets. Thus, for lower BLER targets, the UE 120 may usefewer bits to report a CQI index because the CQI index may be selectedfrom fewer possible CQI indices as compared to higher BLER targets. Inthis way, the UE 120 may reduce CQI overhead, which may conserve networkresources, reduce processing time, reduce latency, and/or improveperformance. Additional details are described below.

As shown in FIG. 6 , and by reference number 610, the UE 120 maydetermine a BLER target for communications associated with the UE 120(e.g., for communications between the base station 110 and the UE 120),and may determine a number of bits to be used to indicate a CQI indexbased at least in part on the BLER target. In some aspects, the UE 120may determine the BLER target based at least in part on a communicationservice being used by the UE 120 (e.g., eMBB, URLLC, and/or the like),which may be indicated in an RRC message. Additionally, oralternatively, the BLER target may be indicated in an RRC message (e.g.,via an explicit indication of the BLER target in the RRC message or anindication of a CQI table, in the RRC message, that maps to the BLERtarget).

As shown by reference number 620, the UE 120 may determine that a largernumber of bits are to be used for the CQI index when the BLER target ishigher. Conversely, the UE 120 may determine that a smaller number ofbits are to be used for the CQI index when the BLER target is lower. Insome aspects, the smaller number of bits may include less than fivebits. For example, the number of bits for a BLER target of 10⁻¹ may befive bits, and the number of bits for a BLER target of less than 10⁻¹may be less than five bits. As another example, the number of bits for aBLER target of less than 10⁻¹ may be four bits, three bits, and/or thelike, as shown. These numbers of bits are provided as examples, andother examples are possible. In some aspects, the UE 120 may use atable, stored in memory of the UE 120, to determine the number of bitsto be used for the CQI index. For example, the table may indicate amapping between different BLER targets and corresponding numbers of bitsfor the CQI index.

As shown by reference number 630, the UE 120 may transmit, and the basestation 110 may receive, the CQI index using the determined number ofbits. For example, the UE 120 may indicate the CQI index, in a CQIreport, using the determined number of bits (e.g., three bits, fourbits, five bits, and/or the like) for the CQI index. In some aspects,the UE 120 may determine the CQI index based at least in part on one ormore CSI-RS transmitted by the base station 110, which may betransmitted and/or monitored for according to a resource allocationpattern, which may be determined based at least in part on the BLERtarget, as described above in connection with FIG. 5 . Additionally, oralternatively, the UE 120 may transmit, and the base station 110 maymonitor for, the CQI report according to a reporting timeline determinedbased at least in part on the BLER target, as described below inconnection with FIG. 7 .

As shown by reference number 640, the base station 110 may determine aBLER target for communications associated with the base station 110(e.g., for communications between the base station 110 and the UE 120),and may determine a number of bits to be used to indicate a CQI indexbased at least in part on the BLER target. As described above, the BLERtarget may be determined during an RRC configuration procedure.

As described above, the number of bits may be larger (e.g., five bitsand/or the like) for a higher BLER target, and may be smaller (e.g.,less than five bits) for a lower BLER target. In some aspects, the basestation 110 may use a table, stored in memory of the base station 110,to determine the number of bits to be used for the CQI index, in asimilar manner as described above.

As shown by reference number 650, the base station 110 may decode thereceived CQI index based at least in part on the determined number ofbits. For example, the base station 110 may decode a received CQI reportusing an assumption that the CQI index, included in the CQI report,includes the determined number of bits.

By using fewer bits to indicate a CQI index when the BLER target is low,the UE 120 may reduce CQI overhead, conserve network resources, reduceprocessing time, reduce latency, and/or improve performance. The reducednumber of bits may not sacrifice CQI reporting capability because someCQI indices that may be reported for higher BLER targets (e.g., 10⁻¹ foreMBB) may rarely, if ever, be used for lower BLER targets.

As indicated above, FIG. 6 is provided as an example. Other examples arepossible and may differ from what was described with respect to FIG. 6 .

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating another example 700 relating to CQIreporting for URLLC, in accordance with various aspects of the presentdisclosure.

As shown in FIG. 7 , a base station 110 and a UE 120 may communicatewith one another using different types of communication services, suchas eMBB, URLLC, and/or the like. As described above in connection withFIG. 5 , different types of communication services may be associatedwith different BLER targets, and/or a particular type of communicationservice (e.g., URLLC) may be associated with multiple BLER targets fordifferent scenarios or deployments. In some aspects, the BLER target maycorrespond to a CQI table that maps to the BLER target. For example,different CQI tables (e.g., having different entries) may map todifferent BLER targets.

In some cases, an inaccurate CQI index may have a larger impact on thelikelihood of achieving a low BLER target as compared to a high BLERtarget (e.g., because a high BLER target leaves more room for error).Because of this, the UE 120 and the base station 110 may benefit frommore accurate CQI index reporting for lower BLER targets. To achieve amore accurate CQI index, the UE 120 may measure a larger number ofCSI-RS to be used to determine the CQI index. For example, a resourceallocation pattern for CSI-RS may indicate that more resources are to beused for CSI-RS when the BLER target is lower, as described above inconnection with FIG. 5 . In some aspects, the UE 120 may require moretime to measure a larger number of CSI-RS and/or to determine the CQIindex from a larger number of CSI-RS for a lower BLER target. To allowfor this increased time for CQI index determination, the UE 120 may usea longer reporting timeline for a CQI report associated with a lowerBLER target, as described in more detail below.

As shown in FIG. 7 , and by reference number 710, the UE 120 maydetermine a BLER target for communications associated with the UE 120(e.g., for communications between the base station 110 and the UE 120),and may determine a reporting timeline, associated with reporting a CQIreport, based at least in part on the BLER target. In some aspects, theUE 120 may determine the BLER target based at least in part on acommunication service being used by the UE 120 and/or informationincluded in an RRC message, as described elsewhere herein.

As shown by reference number 720, the UE 120 may determine that a longerreporting timeline is to be used when the BLER target is lower.Conversely, the UE 120 may determine that a shorter reporting timelineis to be used when the BLER target is higher. In some aspects, thereporting timeline may represent a period between transmission ofsuccessive (e.g., consecutive) CQI reports (e.g., for reporting periodicCQI). In this case, the period may be longer for a lower BLER target,and/or may be shorter for a higher BLER target. In some aspects, thereporting timeline may represent a time between occurrence of an eventthat triggers CQI reporting (e.g., a request from the base station 110for reporting of aperiodic CQI) and transmission of the CQI reporttriggered by the event. In this case, the time may be longer for a lowerBLER target, and/or may be shorter for a higher BLER target. In someaspects, the UE 120 may use a table, stored in memory of the UE 120, todetermine the reporting timeline. For example, the table may indicate amapping between different BLER targets and corresponding reportingtimelines.

As shown by reference number 730, the UE 120 may transmit, and the basestation 110 may receive, the CQI report according to the determinedreporting timeline. As described elsewhere herein, the UE 120 mayindicate a CQI index in the CQI report. In some aspects, the UE 120 maydetermine the CQI index based at least in part on one or more CSI-RStransmitted by the base station 110, which may be transmitted and/ormonitored for according to a resource allocation pattern, which may bedetermined based at least in part on the BLER target, as described abovein connection with FIG. 5 . Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 120may indicate the CQI index using a number of bits determined based atleast in part on the BLER target, as described above in connection withFIG. 6 .

As shown by reference number 740, the base station 110 may determine aBLER target for communications associated with the base station 110(e.g., for communications between the base station 110 and the UE 120),and may determine a reporting timeline for a CQI report based at leastin part on the BLER target. As described above, the BLER target may bedetermined during an RRC configuration procedure. As also describedabove, the reporting timeline may be shorter for a higher BLER target,and may be longer for a lower BLER target. In some aspects, the basestation 110 may use a table, stored in memory of the base station 110,to determine the reporting timeline, in a similar manner as describedabove.

As shown by reference number 750, the base station 110 may monitor forthe CQI report according to the determined reporting timeline. Forexample, the base station 110 may monitor a particular transmission timeinterval (TTI) (e.g., a slot, a subframe, and/or the like) for the CQIreport based at least in part on the determined reporting timeline. Inthis way, the base station 110 and the UE 120 may permit more time forCQI index determination for a lower BLER target, which may improve theaccuracy of the CQI index.

As indicated above, FIG. 7 is provided as an example. Other examples arepossible and may differ from what was described with respect to FIG. 7 .

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example process 800 performed, forexample, by a UE, in accordance with various aspects of the presentdisclosure. Example process 800 is an example where a UE (e.g., UE 120and/or the like) performs operations relating to CQI reporting forURLLC.

As shown in FIG. 8 , in some aspects, process 800 may includedetermining a block error rate (BLER) target for communicationsassociated with the UE (block 810). For example, the UE (e.g., usingcontroller/processor 280 and/or the like) may determine a BLER targetfor communications associated with the UE, as described above inconnection with FIGS. 5-7 .

As further shown in FIG. 8 , in some aspects, process 800 may includedetermining a resource allocation pattern for transmission of channelstate information reference signals (CSI-RS) based at least in part onthe BLER target (block 820). For example, the UE (e.g., usingcontroller/processor 280 and/or the like) may determine a resourceallocation pattern for transmission of CSI-RS based at least in part onthe BLER target, as described above in connection with FIGS. 5-7 .

As further shown in FIG. 8 , in some aspects, process 800 may includemonitoring one or more resources, indicated by the resource allocationpattern, for the CSI-RS (block 830). For example, the UE (e.g., usingantenna 252, DEMOD 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258,controller/processor 280, and/or the like) may monitor one or moreresources, indicated by the resource allocation pattern, for the CSI-RS,as described above in connection with FIGS. 5-7 .

Process 800 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect orany combination of aspects described below and/or in connection with oneor more other processes described elsewhere herein.

In a first aspect, the resource allocation pattern indicates moreresources for the CSI-RS when the BLER target is lower, or the resourceallocation pattern indicates fewer resources for the CSI-RS when theBLER target is higher. In a second aspect alone or in combination withthe first aspect, the resource allocation pattern indicates that theCSI-RS are to be transmitted more frequently when the BLER target islower, or the resource allocation pattern indicates that the CSI-RS areto be transmitted less frequently when the BLER target is higher. In athird aspect alone or in combination with any of the first throughsecond aspects, the resource allocation pattern indicates that theCSI-RS are to be transmitted on a larger number of frequencies when theBLER target is lower, or the resource allocation pattern indicates thatthe CSI-RS are to be transmitted on a smaller number of frequencies whenthe BLER target is higher.

In a fourth aspect alone or in combination with any of the first throughthird aspects, the CSI-RS includes at least one of: a non-zero power(NZP) CSI-RS, an interference measurement resource (IMR), or somecombination thereof. In a fifth aspect alone or in combination with anyof the first through fourth aspects, the resource allocation pattern isdetermined based at least in part on a table, stored in memory of theUE, that indicates a mapping between a plurality of BLER targets and acorresponding plurality of resource allocation patterns.

In a sixth aspect alone or in combination with any of the first throughfifth aspects, the UE may determine a number of bits to be used toindicate a CQI index based at least in part on the BLER target; and maytransmit the CQI index using the number of bits, wherein the CQI indexis determined based at least in part on the CSI-RS. In a seventh aspectalone or in combination with any of the first through sixth aspects, theUE may determine a reporting timeline, associated with reporting a CQIreport, based at least in part on the BLER target; and may transmit theCQI report according to the reporting timeline, wherein the CQI reportis generated based at least in part on the CSI-RS.

Although FIG. 8 shows example blocks of process 800, in some aspects,process 800 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, differentblocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in FIG. 8 .Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 800may be performed in parallel.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example process 900 performed, forexample, by a base station, in accordance with various aspects of thepresent disclosure. Example process 900 is an example where a basestation (e.g., base station 110 and/or the like) performs operationsrelating to CQI reporting for URLLC.

As shown in FIG. 9 , in some aspects, process 900 may includedetermining a block error rate (BLER) target for communicationsassociated with the base station (block 910). For example, the basestation (e.g., using controller/processor 240 and/or the like) maydetermine a BLER target for communications associated with the basestation, as described above in connection with FIGS. 5-7 .

As further shown in FIG. 9 , in some aspects, process 900 may includedetermining at least one of a transmission power or a resourceallocation pattern for transmission of channel state informationreference signals (CSI-RS) based at least in part on the BLER target(block 920). For example, the base station (e.g., usingcontroller/processor 240 and/or the like) may determine at least one ofa transmission power or a resource allocation pattern for transmissionof CSI-RS based at least in part on the BLER target, as described abovein connection with FIGS. 5-7 .

As further shown in FIG. 9 , in some aspects, process 900 may includetransmitting the CSI-RS using at least one of the transmission power orthe resource allocation pattern (block 930). For example, the basestation (e.g., using controller/processor 240, transmit processor 220,TX MIMO processor 230, MOD 232, antenna 234, and/or the like) maytransmit the CSI-RS using at least one of the transmission power or theresource allocation pattern, as described above in connection with FIGS.5-7 .

Process 900 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect orany combination of aspects described below and/or in connection with oneor more other processes described elsewhere herein.

In a first aspect, the resource allocation pattern indicates moreresources for the CSI-RS when the BLER target is lower, or the resourceallocation pattern indicates fewer resources for the CSI-RS when theBLER target is higher. In a second aspect alone or in combination withthe first aspect, the resource allocation pattern indicates that theCSI-RS are to be transmitted more frequently when the BLER target islower, or the resource allocation pattern indicates that the CSI-RS areto be transmitted less frequently when the BLER target is higher. In athird aspect alone or in combination with any of the first throughsecond aspects, the resource allocation pattern indicates that theCSI-RS are to be transmitted on a larger number of frequencies when theBLER target is lower, or the resource allocation pattern indicates thatthe CSI-RS are to be transmitted on a smaller number of frequencies whenthe BLER target is higher. In a fourth aspect alone or in combinationwith any of the first through third aspects, the CSI-RS are transmittedwith a higher transmission power when the BLER target is lower, or theCSI-RS are transmitted with a lower transmission power when the BLERtarget is higher.

In a fifth aspect alone or in combination with any of the first throughfourth aspects, the CSI-RS includes at least one of: a non-zero power(NZP) CSI-RS, an interference measurement resource (IMR), or somecombination thereof. In a sixth aspect alone or in combination with anyof the first through fifth aspects, the resource allocation pattern isdetermined based at least in part on a table, stored in memory of thebase station, that indicates a mapping between a plurality of BLERtargets and a corresponding plurality of resource allocation patterns.

In a seventh aspect alone or in combination with any of the firstthrough sixth aspects, the base station may determine a number of bitsto be used to indicate a CQI index based at least in part on the BLERtarget; may receive the CQI index based at least in part on transmittingthe CSI-RS; and may decode the CQI index based at least in part on thedetermined number of bits. In an eighth aspect alone or in combinationwith any of the first through seventh aspects, the base station maydetermine a reporting timeline, associated with reporting a CQI report,based at least in part on the BLER target; and may monitor for the CQIreport according to the reporting timeline, wherein the CQI report isreceived based at least in part on transmitting the CSI-RS.

Although FIG. 9 shows example blocks of process 900, in some aspects,process 900 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, differentblocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in FIG. 9 .Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 900may be performed in parallel.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example process 1000 performed, forexample, by a UE, in accordance with various aspects of the presentdisclosure. Example process 1000 is an example where a UE (e.g., UE 120and/or the like) performs operations relating to CQI reporting forURLLC.

As shown in FIG. 10 , in some aspects, process 1000 may includedetermining a block error rate (BLER) target for communicationsassociated with the UE (block 1010). For example, the UE (e.g., usingcontroller/processor 280 and/or the like) may determine a BLER targetfor communications associated with the UE, as described above inconnection with FIGS. 5-7 .

As further shown in FIG. 10 , in some aspects, process 1000 may includedetermining a number of bits to be used to indicate a channel qualityindicator (CQI) index based at least in part on the BLER target (block1020). For example, the UE (e.g., using controller/processor 280 and/orthe like) may determine a number of bits to be used to indicate a CQIindex based at least in part on the BLER target, as described above inconnection with FIGS. 5-7 .

As further shown in FIG. 10 , in some aspects, process 1000 may includetransmitting the CQI index using the number of bits (block 1030). Forexample, the UE (e.g., using controller/processor 280, transmitprocessor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, MOD 254, antenna 252, and/or thelike) may transmit the CQI index using the number of bits, as describedabove in connection with FIGS. 5-7 .

Process 1000 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspector any combination of aspects described below and/or in connection withone or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

In a first aspect, the number of bits includes a smaller number of bitswhen the BLER target is lower, or the number of bits includes a largernumber of bits when the BLER target is higher. In a second aspect aloneor in combination with the first aspect, the smaller number of bitsincludes less than five bits. In a third aspect alone or in combinationwith any of the first through second aspects, the number of bits isdetermined based at least in part on a table, stored in memory of theUE, that indicates a mapping between a plurality of BLER targets and acorresponding plurality of number of bits to be used to indicate the CQIindex.

In a fourth aspect alone or in combination with any of the first throughthird aspects, the UE may determine a resource allocation pattern fortransmission of channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS)based at least in part on the BLER target; and may monitor one or moreresources, indicated by the resource allocation pattern, for the CSI-RS,wherein the CQI index is determined based at least in part on theCSI-RS. In a fifth aspect alone or in combination with any of the firstthrough fourth aspects, the UE may determine a reporting timeline,associated with reporting a CQI report, based at least in part on theBLER target; and may transmit the CQI report, including the CQI index,according to the reporting timeline.

Although FIG. 10 shows example blocks of process 1000, in some aspects,process 1000 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, differentblocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in FIG. 10 .Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process1000 may be performed in parallel.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example process 1100 performed, forexample, by a base station, in accordance with various aspects of thepresent disclosure. Example process 1100 is an example where a basestation (e.g., base station 110 and/or the like) performs operationsrelating to CQI reporting for URLLC.

As shown in FIG. 11 , in some aspects, process 1100 may includedetermining a block error rate (BLER) target for communicationsassociated with the base station (block 1110). For example, the basestation (e.g., using controller/processor 240 and/or the like) maydetermine a BLER target for communications associated with the basestation, as described above in connection with FIGS. 5-7 .

As further shown in FIG. 11 , in some aspects, process 1100 may includedetermining a number of bits to be used to indicate a channel qualityindicator (CQI) index based at least in part on the BLER target (block1120). For example, the base station (e.g., using controller/processor240 and/or the like) may determine a number of bits to be used toindicate a CQI index based at least in part on the BLER target, asdescribed above in connection with FIGS. 5-7 .

As further shown in FIG. 11 , in some aspects, process 1100 may includereceiving the CQI index (block 1130). For example, the base station(e.g., using antenna 234, DEMOD 232, MIMO detector 236, receiveprocessor 238, controller/processor 240, and/or the like) may receivethe CQI index, as described above in connection with FIGS. 5-7 .

As further shown in FIG. 11 , in some aspects, process 1100 may includedecoding the CQI index based at least in part on the determined numberof bits (block 1140). For example, the base station (e.g., usingcontroller/processor 240 and/or the like) may decode the CQI index basedat least in part on the determined number of bits, as described above inconnection with FIGS. 5-7 .

Process 1100 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspector any combination of aspects described below and/or in connection withone or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

In a first aspect, the number of bits includes a smaller number of bitswhen the BLER target is lower, or the number of bits includes a largernumber of bits when the BLER target is higher. In a second aspect aloneor in combination with the first aspect, the smaller number of bitsincludes less than five bits. In a third aspect alone or in combinationwith any of the first through second aspects, the number of bits isdetermined based at least in part on a table, stored in memory of thebase station, that indicates a mapping between a plurality of BLERtargets and a corresponding plurality of number of bits to be used toindicate the CQI index.

In a fourth aspect alone or in combination with any of the first throughthird aspects, the base station may determine at least one of atransmission power or a resource allocation pattern for transmission ofchannel state information reference signals (CSI-RS) based at least inpart on the BLER target; and may transmit the CSI-RS using at least oneof the transmission power or the resource allocation pattern, whereinthe CQI index is received based at least in part on transmitting theCSI-RS. In a fifth aspect alone or in combination with any of the firstthrough fourth aspects, the base station may determine a reportingtimeline, associated with reporting a CQI report, based at least in parton the BLER target; and may monitor for the CQI report, including theCQI index, according to the reporting timeline.

Although FIG. 11 shows example blocks of process 1100, in some aspects,process 1100 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, differentblocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in FIG. 11 .Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process1100 may be performed in parallel.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example process 1200 performed, forexample, by a UE, in accordance with various aspects of the presentdisclosure. Example process 1200 is an example where a UE (e.g., UE 120and/or the like) performs operations relating to CQI reporting forURLLC.

As shown in FIG. 12 , in some aspects, process 1200 may includedetermining a block error rate (BLER) target for communicationsassociated with the UE (block 1210). For example, the UE (e.g., usingcontroller/processor 280 and/or the like) may determine a BLER targetfor communications associated with the UE, as described above inconnection with FIGS. 5-7 .

As further shown in FIG. 12 , in some aspects, process 1200 may includedetermining a reporting timeline, associated with reporting a channelquality indicator (CQI) report, based at least in part on the BLERtarget (block 1220). For example, the UE (e.g., usingcontroller/processor 280 and/or the like) may determine a reportingtimeline, associated with reporting a CQI report, based at least in parton the BLER target, as described above in connection with FIGS. 5-7 .

As further shown in FIG. 12 , in some aspects, process 1200 may includetransmitting the CQI report according to the reporting timeline (block1230). For example, the UE (e.g., using controller/processor 280,transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, MOD 254, antenna 252,and/or the like) may transmit the CQI report according to the reportingtimeline, as described above in connection with FIGS. 5-7 .

Process 1200 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspector any combination of aspects described below and/or in connection withone or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

In a first aspect, the reporting timeline is a longer timeline when theBLER target is lower, or the reporting timeline is a shorter timelinewhen the BLER target is higher. In a second aspect alone or incombination with the first aspect, the reporting timeline is determinedbased at least in part on a table, stored in memory of the UE, thatindicates a mapping between a plurality of BLER targets and acorresponding plurality of reporting timelines.

In a third aspect alone or in combination with any of the first throughsecond aspects, the UE may determine a resource allocation pattern fortransmission of channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS)based at least in part on the BLER target; and may monitor one or moreresources, indicated by the resource allocation pattern, for the CSI-RS,wherein the CQI report is generated based at least in part on theCSI-RS. In a fourth aspect alone or in combination with any of the firstthrough third aspects, the UE may determine a number of bits to be usedto indicate a CQI index based at least in part on the BLER target; andmay transmit the CQI index, in the CQI report, using the number of bits.

Although FIG. 12 shows example blocks of process 1200, in some aspects,process 1200 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, differentblocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in FIG. 12 .Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process1200 may be performed in parallel.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example process 1300 performed, forexample, by a base station, in accordance with various aspects of thepresent disclosure. Example process 1300 is an example where a basestation (e.g., base station 110 and/or the like) performs operationsrelating to CQI reporting for URLLC.

As shown in FIG. 13 , in some aspects, process 1300 may includedetermining a block error rate (BLER) target for communicationsassociated with the base station (block 1310). For example, the basestation (e.g., using controller/processor 240 and/or the like) maydetermine a BLER target for communications associated with the basestation, as described above in connection with FIGS. 5-7 .

As further shown in FIG. 13 , in some aspects, process 1300 may includedetermining a reporting timeline, associated with reporting a channelquality indicator (CQI) report, based at least in part on the BLERtarget (block 1320). For example, the base station (e.g., usingcontroller/processor 240 and/or the like) may determine a reportingtimeline, associated with reporting a CQI report, based at least in parton the BLER target, as described above in connection with FIGS. 5-7 .

As further shown in FIG. 13 , in some aspects, process 1300 may includemonitoring for the CQI report according to the reporting timeline (block1330). For example, the base station (e.g., using antenna 234, DEMOD232, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, controller/processor 240,and/or the like) may monitor for the CQI report according to thereporting timeline, as described above in connection with FIGS. 5-7 .

Process 1300 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspector any combination of aspects described below and/or in connection withone or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

In a first aspect, the reporting timeline is a longer timeline when theBLER target is lower, or the reporting timeline is a shorter timelinewhen the BLER target is higher. In a second aspect alone or incombination with the first aspect, the reporting timeline is determinedbased at least in part on a table, stored in memory of the base station,that indicates a mapping between a plurality of BLER targets and acorresponding plurality of reporting timelines.

In a third aspect alone or in combination with any of the first throughsecond aspects, the base station may determine at least one of atransmission power or a resource allocation pattern for transmission ofchannel state information reference signals (CSI-RS) based at least inpart on the BLER target; and may transmit the CSI-RS using at least oneof the transmission power or the resource allocation pattern, whereinthe CQI report is received based at least in part on transmitting theCSI-RS. In a fourth aspect alone or in combination with any of the firstthrough third aspects, the base station may determine a number of bitsto be used to indicate a CQI index based at least in part on the BLERtarget; may receive the CQI index in the CQI report; and may decode theCQI index based at least in part on the determined number of bits.

Although FIG. 13 shows example blocks of process 1300, in some aspects,process 1300 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, differentblocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in FIG. 13 .Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process1300 may be performed in parallel.

The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description, but isnot intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the preciseform disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible in light ofthe above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of the aspects.

As used herein, the term component is intended to be broadly construedas hardware, firmware, or a combination of hardware and software. Asused herein, a processor is implemented in hardware, firmware, or acombination of hardware and software.

Some aspects are described herein in connection with thresholds. As usedherein, satisfying a threshold may refer to a value being greater thanthe threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than thethreshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold,not equal to the threshold, and/or the like.

It will be apparent that systems and/or methods, described herein, maybe implemented in different forms of hardware, firmware, or acombination of hardware and software. The actual specialized controlhardware or software code used to implement these systems and/or methodsis not limiting of the aspects. Thus, the operation and behavior of thesystems and/or methods were described herein without reference tospecific software code—it being understood that software and hardwarecan be designed to implement the systems and/or methods based, at leastin part, on the description herein.

Even though particular combinations of features are recited in theclaims and/or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are notintended to limit the disclosure of possible aspects. In fact, many ofthese features may be combined in ways not specifically recited in theclaims and/or disclosed in the specification. Although each dependentclaim listed below may directly depend on only one claim, the disclosureof possible aspects includes each dependent claim in combination withevery other claim in the claim set. A phrase referring to “at least oneof” a list of items refers to any combination of those items, includingsingle members. As an example, “at least one of: a, b, or c” is intendedto cover a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, and a-b-c, as well as any combinationwith multiples of the same element (e.g., a-a, a-a-a, a-a-b, a-a-c,a-b-b, a-c-c, b-b, b-b-b, b-b-c, c-c, and c-c-c or any other ordering ofa, b, and c).

No element, act, or instruction used herein should be construed ascritical or essential unless explicitly described as such. Also, as usedherein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or moreitems, and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Furthermore,as used herein, the terms “set” and “group” are intended to include oneor more items (e.g., related items, unrelated items, a combination ofrelated and unrelated items, and/or the like), and may be usedinterchangeably with “one or more.” Where only one item is intended, theterm “one” or similar language is used. Also, as used herein, the terms“has,” “have,” “having,” and/or the like are intended to be open-endedterms. Further, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “based, atleast in part, on” unless explicitly stated otherwise.

What is claimed is:
 1. A base station for wireless communication,comprising: a memory; and one or more processors, coupled to the memory,configured to: determine a block error rate (BLER) target forcommunications associated with the; determine at least a resourceallocation pattern for transmission of channel state informationreference signals (CSI-RS) based at least in part on the BLER target,wherein the resource allocation pattern indicates time resources to beused for transmitting the CSI-RS; transmit the CSI-RS using at least theresource allocation pattern; determine a reporting timeline, associatedwith reporting a channel quality indicator (CQI) report, based at leastin part on the BLER target a table that indicates a mapping between aplurality of BLER targets and a corresponding plurality of reportingtimelines; and monitor for the CQI report according to the reportingtimeline, wherein the CQI report is received based at least in part ontransmitting the CSI-RS.
 2. The base station of claim 1, wherein theresource allocation pattern indicates more resources for the CSI-RS whenthe BLER target is lower, or wherein the resource allocation patternindicates fewer resources for the CSI-RS when the BLER target is higher.3. The base station of claim 1, wherein the resource allocation patternindicates that the CSI-RS are to be transmitted more frequently when theBLER target is lower, or wherein the resource allocation patternindicates that the CSI-RS are to be transmitted less frequently when theBLER target is higher.
 4. The base station of claim 1, wherein theresource allocation pattern indicates that the CSI-RS are to betransmitted on a larger number of bits when the BLER target is lower, orwherein the resource allocation pattern indicates that the CSI-RS are tobe transmitted on a smaller number of bits when the BLER target ishigher.
 5. The base station of claim 4, wherein the smaller number ofbits includes less than five bits.
 6. The base station of claim 1,wherein the CSI-RS are transmitted with a higher transmission power whenthe BLER target is lower, or wherein the CSI-RS are transmitted with alower transmission power when the BLER target is higher.
 7. The basestation of claim 1, wherein the CSI-RS includes at least one of: anon-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS, an interference measurement resource (IMR),or some combination thereof.
 8. The base station of claim 1, wherein theresource allocation pattern is determined based at least in part on atable, stored in memory of the base station, that indicates a mappingbetween the plurality of BLER targets and a corresponding plurality ofresource allocation patterns.
 9. The base station of claim 1, whereinthe one or more processors are further configured to: determine a numberof bits to be used to indicate a CQI index based at least in part on theBLER target; receive the CQI index based at least in part ontransmitting the CSI-RS; and decode the CQI index based at least in parton the determined number of bits.
 10. The base station of claim 9,wherein the number of bits is determined based at least in part on atable, stored in the memory of the base station, that indicates amapping between the plurality of BLER targets and a correspondingplurality of number of bits to be used to indicate the CQI index. 11.The base station of claim 1, wherein the reporting timeline is a longertimeline when the BLER target is lower, or wherein the reportingtimeline is a shorter timeline when the BLER target is higher.
 12. Thebase station of claim 1, wherein the table is stored in the memory. 13.The base station of claim 1, wherein the resource allocation patternfurther indicates a number of the CSI-RS to be transmitted.
 14. A methodof wireless communication performed by a base station, comprising:determining a block error rate (BLER) target for communicationsassociated with the base station; determining at least a resourceallocation pattern for transmission of channel state informationreference signals (CSI-RS) based at least in part on the BLER target,wherein the resource allocation pattern indicates time resources to beused for transmitting the CSI-RS; transmitting the CSI-RS using at leastthe resource allocation pattern; determining a reporting timeline,associated with reporting a channel quality indicator (CQI) report,based at least in part on the BLER target a table that indicates amapping between a plurality of BLER targets and a correspondingplurality of reporting timelines; and monitoring for the CQI reportaccording to the reporting timeline, wherein the CQI report is receivedbased at least in part on transmitting the CSI-RS.
 15. The method ofclaim 14, wherein the resource allocation pattern indicates moreresources for the CSI-RS when the BLER target is lower, or wherein theresource allocation pattern indicates fewer resources for the CSI-RSwhen the BLER target is higher.
 16. The method of claim 14, wherein theresource allocation pattern indicates that the CSI-RS are to betransmitted more frequently when the BLER target is lower, or whereinthe resource allocation pattern indicates that the CSI-RS are to betransmitted less frequently when the BLER target is higher.
 17. Themethod of claim 14, wherein the resource allocation pattern indicatesthat the CSI-RS are to be transmitted on a larger number of bits whenthe BLER target is lower, or wherein the resource allocation patternindicates that the CSI-RS are to be transmitted on a smaller number ofbits when the BLER target is higher.
 18. The method of claim 14, whereinthe CSI-RS are transmitted with a higher transmission power when theBLER target is lower, or wherein the CSI-RS are transmitted with a lowertransmission power when the BLER target is higher.
 19. The method ofclaim 14, wherein the CSI-RS includes at least one of: a non-zero power(NZP) CSI-RS, an interference measurement resource (IMR), or somecombination thereof.
 20. The method of claim 14, wherein the resourceallocation pattern is determined based at least in part on a table,stored in memory of the base station, that indicates a mapping betweenthe plurality of BLER targets and a corresponding plurality of resourceallocation patterns.
 21. The method of claim 14, further comprising:determining a number of bits to be used to indicate a CQI index based atleast in part on the BLER target; receiving the CQI index based at leastin part on transmitting the CSI-RS; and decoding the CQI index based atleast in part on the determined number of bits.
 22. The method of claim14, wherein the resource allocation pattern further indicates a numberof the CSI-RS to be transmitted.
 23. A non-transitory computer-readablemedium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the setof instructions comprising: one or more instructions that, when executedby one or more processors of a base station, cause the base station to:determine a block error rate (BLER) target for communications associatedwith the base station; determine at least a resource allocation patternfor transmission of channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS)based at least in part on the BLER target, wherein the resourceallocation pattern indicates time resources to be used for transmittingthe CSI-RS; transmit the CSI-RS using at least the resource allocationpattern; determine a reporting timeline, associated with reporting achannel quality indicator (CQI) report, based at least in part on theBLER target a table that indicates a mapping between a plurality of BLERtargets and a corresponding plurality of reporting timelines; andmonitor for the CQI report according to the reporting timeline, whereinthe CQI report is received based at least in part on transmitting theCSI-RS.
 24. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 23,wherein the resource allocation pattern indicates more resources for theCSI-RS when the BLER target is lower, or wherein the resource allocationpattern indicates fewer resources for the CSI-RS when the BLER target ishigher.
 25. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 23,wherein the resource allocation pattern indicates that the CSI-RS are tobe transmitted more frequently when the BLER target is lower, or whereinthe resource allocation pattern indicates that the CSI-RS are to betransmitted less frequently when the BLER target is higher.
 26. Thenon-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 23, wherein theresource allocation pattern indicates that the CSI-RS are to betransmitted on a larger number of bits when the BLER target is lower, orwherein the resource allocation pattern indicates that the CSI-RS are tobe transmitted on a smaller number of frequencies bits when the BLERtarget is higher.
 27. The non-transitory computer-readable medium ofclaim 23, wherein the CSI-RS are transmitted with a higher transmissionpower when the BLER target is lower, or wherein the CSI-RS aretransmitted with a lower transmission power when the BLER target ishigher.
 28. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 23,wherein the CSI-RS includes at least one of: a non-zero power (NZP)CSI-RS, an interference measurement resource (IMR), or some combinationthereof.
 29. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising: meansfor determining a block error rate (BLER) target for communicationsassociated with the apparatus; means for determining at least a resourceallocation pattern for transmission of channel state informationreference signals (CSI-RS) based at least in part on the BLER target,wherein the resource allocation pattern indicates time resources to beused for transmitting the CSI-RS; means for transmitting the CSI-RSusing at least the resource allocation pattern; means for determining areporting timeline, associated with reporting a channel qualityindicator (CQI) report, based at least in part on the BLER target atable that indicates a mapping between a plurality of BLER targets and acorresponding plurality of reporting timelines; and means for monitoringfor the CQI report according to the reporting timeline, wherein the CQIreport is received based at least in part on transmitting the CSI-RS.30. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 23, wherein theresource allocation pattern further indicates a number of the CSI-RS tobe transmitted.